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There is truly an arrangement for everyone. As the reports of his composition teaching and Niedt’s treatise inform us, all of Bach’s musical textures arise from the elaboration of a thoroughbass. I told you my life was saved by rock ‘n roll, that rock ‘n roll had given me a feeling of identity and the right to be different. Whenever I need to restore my balance. The first pair is entirely diatonic, while the second pair introduces chromaticism for the first time in the Chaconne by transforming the essential bass motion into a descending chromatic tetrachord from tonic to dominant. I consoled myself with what I did learn about you: that Paris was the scene of your academic and musical triumphs, the Vaucluse your garden of Eden, and Zürich the setting for your professional ascension. ̶  Like all great art. Bach -Busoni Chaconne. ̶  Why you like it so much. And this relaxation in textural density occurs while the level of chromaticism increases from the quite diatonic first four statements (which only include the notes of a D harmonic-minor scale and a single C♯ in m. 3) to the descending chromatic tetrachord D–C♯–C–B–B♭–A of the fifth statement, the same plus G♯ in the sixth statement, and the introduction of F♯ and E♭ in the eighth statement—which completes the chromatic scale. In an essay for the LA Review of Books, Michael Markham writes: “There is no evidence that Bach himself considered the chaconne to encode an entire vista of the universe or to sound out his own emotional depths. There are 33 minor-mode statements, then 19 major-mode statements, and finally 12 minor-mode statements. Playing the ‘Chaconne’, you must never forget it’s a dance movement. Numerous transcriptions of this piece for Chaconne, Italian Ciaccona, solo instrumental piece that forms the fifth and final movement of the Partita No. But it’s a grieving dance. This 256-measure chaconne takes a plaintive four- bar phrase through a continuous kaleidoscope of musical expression in both major and minor modes. Historians speculate that Bach composed it after returning from a trip and found his wife (and the mother of seven of his children) Maria Barbara had died. The rhythm reverts to that of the opening measures of the Chaconne, initiating the longest slow-rhythm section in the piece, and the texture slims to two voices. Triplets do not appear until just before the very end of the Chaconne. Listening to the chaconne is as rich and layered an experience as the story behind the music. Or, listen to these renditions by an enterprising clarinetist and an equally ambitious saxophonist. Pour violon : Bach, chaconne de la 2 e Partita en ré mineur. ̶  You find it soothing? Do you find freedom in relentless form? ̶  Sometimes every day, other times less often. If one doesn’t have the greatest violinist around, then it is well the most beautiful pleasure to simply listen to its sound in one’s mind.”. The hardest thing sometimes is not to be overawed by the music. ̶  Yes. And, so, these are different, different times, different circumstances, and for us, it can be very surprising to see these reactions. You lower your head and shake it to say no. Chaconne PARTITA_II_VIOLON SEUL (principal) - composer Bach, Johann Sebastian SHEET MUSIC Chaconne & Variations in for Harp (principal) - composer Haendel, Georg Friedrich SHEET MUSIC Chaconne in D Minor from Bach BWV 1004 for String Quartet (principal) - … One of the best known and most masterful and expressive examples of the chaconne is the final movement from the Violin Partita in D minor by Johann Sebastian Bach. This chaconne, attributed to Tomaso Antonio Vitali, presents us the basic harmonic plan that we find in many chaconnes: a descending movement from tonic to dominant. ̶  Yes. Born in Thuringia in 1685, just a few days after fellow composer Handel; he was an accomplished organist, and his faith in the divine inspired him to write a substantial oeuvre… But the Classical era’s musical structures were not available to Bach. John Eliot Gardniner, Music-Castle-Heaven, Joel Lester, Bach’s Works for Solo Violin. These four dotted-rhythm variations occur in two pairs: first with the moving part predominantly in the lower voices, then with a very similar melody in the top voice. Bach carefully planned the placement of these mode changes so that each section is briefer than the previous one, allowing the heightening intensifications to proceed even faster than in the previous sections. ̶  Wow, even them! Written for solo violin, the Chaconne is one of the longest and most challenging entirely solo pieces ever composed for that instrument. Bach composed the chaconne sometime between 1718 and 1720. Am I dreaming? 2. All kinds of sentiments a child can have, and an older person can have, but none of this sexual nonsense in the middle. He lost his parents before he was 10. Lust. You can tell from his music that his emotion is raw. En tapant Larry Solomon vous trouverez une superbe analyse musicale (en anglais) de la Chaconne de Bach.Même quand on l'a jouée on y découvre toujours de nouveaux éléments pour la retravailler.Je dirai que la Chaconne de Bach est une quête musicale, accessible techniquement mais inaccessible dans une autre dimension. ̶  How long did it take you to learn it? Analyse La passacaille. The next few variations, featuring steady sixteenths, gradually add an ever-widening array of bowing patterns, creating a wider palette of articulations than previously. Escher, No. Mara, Marietta: A Love Story in 77 Bedrooms is available from these retailers: © 2021 – Richard Jonathan – All rights reserved   |, CULTURE BLOG  |   LEGAL NOTICE  |   SITEMAP  |. And thus I learned you’d hesitated between a career in classical music and one in academia; I learned you were no stranger to first prizes, whether musical or academic: Your contempt for competition didn’t stop you from thriving on it. She’s been a proud listener ever since. Transparent, your fingernail polish traps the moonlight as you sip from your glass. During the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, composers developed a number of musical forms that could support a musical argument of considerable length. Hope. Even by balancing the intensification of some musical elements with reduced activity in other elements and unifying large stretches of the Chaconne with single ideas (such as the repeated-note motive during the major-mode variations) Bach clearly felt that he could not create a single sequence of heightening complexity over the entire Chaconne. The scale of the piece is monumental. The Chaconne stands almost alone among his creations for its bold attempt to sculpt a single continuous movement of monumental proportions. The Chaconne is a continuous series of variations on a thoroughbass and its related chord progression. Bach's Chaconne from Partita 02 in D, one of the most wonderfull solo violin recordings ever/ Part 01 29-32) features the fastest surface rhythm and the widest melodic span yet, but several other musical elements are diminished from previous intensity to set the stage for further intensifications later. 161-64) casually introduces three repeated notes—an idea almost totally absent as a prominent element in the 40 preceding statements (even though it is anticipated by the repeated notes that appear in the melody of the first two measures of the opening two statements). A three-foot-high pyramid would hardly have been appropriate for the burial of the pharaohs. 65-72) and only later separately bowed (in the nineteenth statement in mm. Craig Minowa started the band in 1995. It’s richness and depth are astounding. La chaconne pour violon de Bach est, de très loin, la plus célèbre : un détail peu connu de la littérature : c'est ce morceau qu'Aldous Huxley demanda que l'on joue sur sa tombe, lors de … The sound of the violin carries far. In terms of harmony, Bach reserves the first appearance of the Neapolitan chord (♭II6 or an E♭ triad) until the last section of minor-mode statements. If I imagined that I could ever have created the ‘Chaconne’, I am certain the excess of excitement would have driven me out of my mind’. ̶  He said, ‘On one stave, Bach writes a whole world of the deepest thoughts and feelings. Sur la base des caractéristiques de la « Chaconne », telle que définie par le Dictionnaire de Musique de Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1768), il s’agit d’analyser la Chaconne pour violon seul de Bach. In these measures (mm. (Otherwise, there are either 33 phrases in the first large section and 31 in the second large section or 31 phrases after the theme in the first large section and 29 phrases in the second large section prior to the closing thematic statements.) He uses the changes of mode—to major and then back to minor—as the primary large articulations in the movement as a whole. Fear. Rejection: I have no memory of the murmuring house, no sonorous womb, no ocean, but in the acoustic mirror of your beating heart I have a body—Am I not to be reborn? Pièce vocale ou instrumentale inspirée de cette danse, consistant en variations sur un thème de quatre mesures répété à la basse. Similar processes are at work in many of the variations. ̶  Tell me something of that piece by Bach. Elles furent composées par Bach en 1720, alors qu'il était employé à Cöthen, une … You can immerse yourself in its language, and just when you think you’ve got something pinned down, it eludes you. Creating art then and there was not an act of personal expression but one of civic or religious service. The purpose of this study was to analyze what the famous, twentieth-century pianist did when he transcribed Bach's Chaconne. ̶  The body—just how important is it, would you say? The On Being Project Another such element is triplets, the first rhythms in the entire movement that do not ‘nest’ within all other rhythms that are present. These two ratios (0.631 for 12:19 and 0.613 for 19:31) are close to 0.618, the ratio known since antiquity as the Golden Section—a ratio according to which the smaller part of a division (here 12, representing the concluding number of minor-mode variation phrases) relates to the larger part of a division (here 19, representing the preceding number of major-mode variation phrases) in the same ratio as the larger part relates to the entire section (here 31, representing the second half of the variation phrases). Nous discutons ici du niveau de difficulté des oeuvres pour guitare classique, que ce soit sous forme de partition (PDF) ou d'enregistrement (MP3 ou WMV). Are we staging a confrontation between us? ̶  Yes. For him, Bach’s chaconne is not powerful because he himself is grieving; rather, it conveys a more universal, complicated, and essentially human grief: “As opposed to other composers, Bach targets the very young, the child, and people of a certain age, like me. But musicians of Bach’s generation did not need to feel an emotion in order to depict it. Whereas many of the early statements are paired, later sections of the Chaconne work on a much larger scale. It was the next generation, beginning with Bach’s own son Carl Philipp Emanuel, who began to demand that a musician express emotions in a way we would call ‘authentic’.”. This relaxation in textural density occurs while the rhythm gradually increases in speed, achieving steady eighths only in the seventh statement and steady sixteenths in the eighth statement. ̶  I found that amazing. And the concentrated focus of the Chaconne grows in part from its unvarying tonality. Copyright © 2021, Krista’s conversation with Bernard Chazelle at WXQR’s Bachstock. Greed. Half-way back to Princeton we had dinner in a chrome-and-neon diner. Bach, Jean-Sébastien / Busoni, Ferruccio : Chaconne, extraite de la Partita n° 2 en ré mineur 14.05 € Bach, Jean-Sébastien / Busoni, Ferruccio : Chaconne, extraite de la Partita n° 2 en ré mineur It’s inseparable from the rest. composed it after returning from a trip and found his wife (and the mother of seven of his children) Maria Barbara had died. But it’s extremely moving and — of somebody who clearly has enormous feeling. His music tries to express things like, awe. Chaconne. So you’ve got to feel the impulse, the dance impulse, in the piece; you’ve got to feel it in your bones. Johann Sebastian Bach : Extrait de la partita II en ré mineur BWV1004 - Chaconne Busoni - Lutz - Brahms : Transcription de la chaconne pour piano. The 6 pages have been arranged to fit onto one poster by Michael O’Gieblyn. Its trajectory was cathartically changed the day he and his wife Connie woke up to find that their firstborn two-year-old son, Kaidin, had mysteriously died in his sleep. And another reason it’s confusing at first is that there’s no tonal contrast. Bach’s string compositions, including a half dozen partitas and sonatas for solo violin, were composed in the late … ̶  And what’s involved, in working out an interpretation? A few highlights: the ninth statement (mm. ̶  Yes, but also exhilarating. I mean, you’ll hear the chaconne. There’s so much music in one continuous movement, and all of it made by just one violin. Such Romantic notions would never have occurred to a court composer who had trained in the late 1600s as a Lutheran town organist. It has been for so many of us in this year of pandemic, and Cloud Cult is on every playlist Krista makes. Cold, the Heineken warms my heart; bold, you teach me subtlety. ̶  First thing I’ll do when I get back to Toronto, I’ll buy a recording and listen to the piece. We welcomed Craig and the whole Cloud Cult ensemble to On Being Studios in Minneapolis, for conversation and music, in 2016. Mariah worked as a program associate at the Sustained Dialogue Campus Network and lived in southern India for a spell as a documentary curator. And that original rhythm begins its own series of heightened statements: appearing first in double-stops, then in repeated triple-stops in m. 185, and finally in quadruple-stops in mm. You’ve got to stay open, curious, take risks. Trepidation. At any particular time you can settle on an interpretation, but it’s never definitive. He lost both of his parents, and then he lost half of his children. pour la chaconne ou autre oeuvre le niveau dépend aussi de : "si tu as la rage et si tu en veux ". His compositions in all genres—preludes, fugues, two-reprise movements, other parallel-section movements, ritornello movements, and so forth—arise from varying and intensifying the musical materials that emanate from textures that themselves result from elaborations of thoroughbass progressions. alors laisse tomber le niveau et fait toi plaisir. Fellow composer Johannes Brahms, in a letter to Clara Schumann described the piece like this: “On one stave, for a small instrument, the man writes a whole world of the deepest thoughts and most powerful feelings. It’s so limpid. In particular, sonata form, with its large-scale tonal and thematic balances and its flexible periodicities that could extend to immense proportions and contain a wide range of musical contrasts and lengthy processes of statement, development, and transformation, became a vehicle that allowed composers to make significant artistic statements in their instrumental music. Of course emotions could be depicted and messages delivered. The quality of motion slows down abruptly in the very next measure (m. 177). ̶  Exactly. Cette partita est composée par Bach entre 1717 et 1723 et il semblerait qu’elle ait été écrite à la mémoire de Maria Barbara, son épouse défunte, alors que Bach était en voyage. Before a full house at The Greene Space, he played Bach’s chaconne, the fifth and final movement from Partita No. Les Sonates et Partitas consistent en trois sonates de quatre mouvements et trois partitas composées de mouvements de danse en nombre variable. Were you afraid you’d reveal too much of yourself to me? ̶  Oh, it’s critical! Were you afraid I wouldn’t receive the music with the proper reverence? Every one of those four-bar phrases concludes with a cadence that arrives in D. That’s what gives the ‘Chaconne’ its concentrated focus. L'ensemble complet fut publié pour la première fois en 1843 par Ferdinand David. 73-76) to provide more energy on each note. Just like I must stay open, curious, take risks? The On Being Project is located on Dakota land. ̶  Try. Peace, love guitars and a healthier planet! Such processes of compensation, where one element moves to new intensity while others recede, continue for long stretches of the Chaconne. The Chaconne is a continuous series of variations on a thoroughbass and its related chord progression. ̶  Heart, mind, body and soul. Et sur celui de Larry Solomon, un article pas très long, mais dense, qui propose une analyse musicale de la chaconne elle-même : le thème et les différents procédés de … L'exécution de la Chaconne, le mouvement final de la Partita en ré mineur, dure entre 12 et 17 minutes environ, ce qui est plus que le total des quatre autres mouvements précédents.Le thème, présenté dès les premières mesures au rythme habituel des chaconnes avec une progression d'accords basés sur le schéma à la basse : 57-60) reintroduces double-stops yet is entirely diatonic. It’s a dance. Within the first statement of the four-measure theme, harmonies at first move in halves and quarters but … ̶  Body and soul! She collected stories of human resilience and kindness in the classrooms of George Washington University — earning a degree in International Affairs with concentrations in the Middle East and Conflict Resolution — and over many cups of coffee in community movements, from nuclear nonproliferation, to interfaith dialogue, to compassionate communication. At every level, various processes create heightened intensifications. le phrasé est aussi très important de plus sur la chaconne il ya des micros pharsés alors un peu dur dur. As our executive editor Trent Gilliss observed, “It’s a rarity and a privilege to be able to listen to a 15-minute violin solo without an orchestra.” Especially a great performance like Tim Fain’s, who is known for his electrifying recordings in Black Swan and 12 Years a Slave. Length is worth considering because artistic expression of a certain profundity—however that may be defined—is frequently associated with an artist’s ability to capture an audience’s attention on a grandiose scale. For variation techniques—defined broadly—underlie his entire compositional process. The common element across the clear-cut textural break in m. 177 is the repeated-note motive, whose development thereby becomes perhaps the most important aspect within the major-mode variations. It’s a dance-form movement in D minor. Jean Sébastien règle son prélude sur un thème obstiné de chaconne [choral: In dir ist Freude] (A. Pirro, Jean-Sébastien Bach, 1919, p. 212). We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Une analyse de la dernière Invention à trois voix ( BWV 801) de J.-S. Bach selon les critères du xviiie siècle. Une analyse alternative de la dix-huitième fugue (BWV 863/2) du premier Livre du Clavier bien Tempéré de J.-S. Bach. Itzhak Perlman plays J.S. Il est possible que la pièce ait été composée à Arnstadt peu après le retour de Bach de Lübeck [1], ville où Bach aurait étudié les œuvres en ostinato de Buxtehude. ̶  Yes. In 1893 Ferruccio Busoni transcribed, for the piano, the famous Bach Chaconne for violin solo from the Partita No.2 in D minor. But for performers and listeners I personally find the patterns of heightening activity more pertinent. I know it’s through your body that you go beyond yourself: I want to go there with you. Architecte hors pair, Jean-Sébastien Bach excelle dans les cycles de vastes proportions. When you play the music, the effect is even stronger than when you just listen to it. Nicolas Lancret, Dance in a Pavilion, 1730-1735. Chaconne, extraite de la Partita n° 2 en ré mineur (Johann Sebastian Bach) Editeur: Norbert Müllemann Doigtés: Marc-André Hamelin Commentaire: Francis Bowdery Qui ne connaît pas la Chaconne de Jean-Sébastien Bach, le morceau qui… 42: Shells and Starfish, 1941. ̶̶  It’s very demanding, and very exciting. ̶  Indeed. What else has changed? For instance, the opening eight measures comprise two statements of the theme, in which the second is identical to the first for three measures but broadens the registral span at its cadence and introduces the fastest rhythms yet: a pair of thirty-seconds which, combined with the preceding dotted eighth, foreshadow the predominant dotted rhythm of the next four variations. ̶  It’s from Sonatas and Partitas for Solo Violin. But once each new section begins, the same processes of growth continue as in the first minor-mode section. You could spend a lifetime on that piece. You sum up your thought: ̶̶  In a word, you’ve got to have courage! One of the Chaconne’s signal traits is its length—most recorded performances are just under a quarter-hour. To be sure, one must manipulate the numbers a bit to get some of these proportions. Or how about this menacing arrangement for trumpet and orchestra and this lyrical performance by two cellos. Little did I know then that from that Swiss base your footprint would soon cover the world: The world to whose origin I feared you were denying me access. For instance, during the first eight statements of the theme (mm. Thomas Cooper Gotch, Mrs Fielden, Violinist, 1912, George Wesley Bellows, The Violinist Leila Kalman, 1924. La chaconne est le dernier des cinq mouvements de la deuxième partita pour violon seul en Ré Mineur de Bach, classifiée BWV 1004. On a slightly larger scale, many of the variations occur in pairs, in which the second is quite similar to the first, but intensified. / Busoni F. - Chaconne From Partita N°2 D Minor - Piano G. Henle Chaconne, extraite de la Partita n° 2 en ré mineur (Johann Sebastian Bach) Editeur: Norbert Müllemann Doigtés: Marc-André Hamelin Commentaire: Francis Bowdery Qui ne connaît pas la Chaconne de Jean-Sébastien Bach… It must be terribly hard to play. ̶  You like it, then? What Fury does Bach keep at bay? Give the gift of the greatest piece of all time: The Chaconne from the 2nd Partita for Solo Violin, by J.S. But I do not know that any single individual movement in any of those works exceeds the length of the Chaconne. ̶  Really? ̶  Yes. I mean, this is the bread and butter of the opera. I know, it seems like a paradox. But it wasn’t easy to get into. We talked about music. That day on the Jersey shore was three and a half years ago: It seems like yesterday. ̶  It’s too late. ̶  Yes. He had no interest in that. et heu bach pour comprendre c est toute une vie lol si si. Rachel Podger, Bach Performance & Interview, Rachel Podger plays the Allemande from Bach’s Cello Suite No 1, Rachel Podger, Bach: Sonatas & Partitas, Vol. Or was it the idea of the darkness we might have shared, the darkness that would remain in the blackness of my hair when you awoke to find yourself beside me? With rare exceptions, only in the compounding of individual movements was he able to create musical architectures of great size and scope—in his passions or in the Goldberg Variations in which the overall effect results from the combination of numerous juxtaposed but separate movements. Bach: Chaconne from Partita No. In what guise does he come, your bogeyman? Bach, knowing he was laying out an extraordinarily long series of variations, carefully balanced the introduction of new elements with the relaxation of others so that he could always have further musical elements to intensify. It is so controlled, but it is so profound. The repeated-note motive gradually crowds out all other motivic ideas during the next three statements, so that all voices in statement 44 (mm. Some sort of variation was without doubt the best option for Bach to create a piece on this scale. ̶  Yes, very much. 33-36) slows down the surface rhythm to eighths but maintains the level of 11 different pitches (lacking only E♭) achieved in the previous statement (which lacks only C), widens the melodic span to two-octaves-plus-a-step, and introduces the largest skips yet. In the amber of your eye a firefly breaks free: How do I decipher its dance? Is discipline your defence against the chaos of emotion? The more you work, the more you see; and the more you see, the more it escapes your grasp. You hair was short, then; mine was long. ̶  Basically, you’re staging a confrontation between the written music, the instrument, and yourself. ̶  I see. 2. 7kh prvw ixqgdphqwdo txhvwlrqv derxw wkh ' plqru fkdfrqqh duh > @ h[dfwo\ zkdw dqg zkhuh duh wkh vxemhfw dqg wkhph" > @ +rz orqj duh wkh\" > @ +rz lv wkh vxemhfw wuhdwhg lq wkh yduldwlrqv" > @ ,v wkh vwdqgdug irup vwulfwo\ revhuyhg" 7r p\ ̶  Oh, I couldn’t put it into words. U ne chaconne est une ancienne danse populaire d’origine espagnole. ̶  There’s something inscrutable about the ‘Chaconne’. ̶  Will you play me the ‘Chaconne’ when we get back, at least a few bars? La "Chaconne" de Bach et ses traductions. He lost 10 children. A miniature or a small line drawing cannot contain the range of shadings of a large canvas. ̶̶  And playing? ̶  Hey, I didn’t tell you: I’ve listened to the ‘Chaconne’! The common element that connects this to the previous music is the repeated-note motive, returning to its original context of the opening measures. Le premier enregistrement de Hopkinson Smith de la Chaconne de Bach, réalisé en 1988. And yet the premonition lingered that refusing me Bach was refusing me your bed; I hadn’t given up hearing the cry of your goslings, yet I was crestfallen. The late Baroque certainly has its share of compositions whose length is measured in hours: Handel’s Messiah, Bach’s St. Matthew Passion, and innumerable operas. During the major-mode statements, for instance, statement 41 (mm. Whatever meaning you ascribe to the chaconne — personal, civic, divine, or none at all — it’s certain to leave its mark. Music is a source of solace and nourishment in the best of times and the hardest of times. 189ff. I wondered just how much of that range you’d personally experienced in your twenty-seven years, and felt a pang of bitterness that perhaps I’d never find out. When she’s not submerged in a good book, she might be found painting landscapes or playing chamber music. This is a man who truly grieves. ̶  It goes through the entire range of human experience, in less than fifteen minutes. You said you understood me; you said that for you too, music, your violin, has been an instrument of liberation. Pour piano : une chaconne en mi mineur, du coréen Yiruma. And this relaxation in textural density occurs while melodic spans widen from the tenth and ninth outlined by the melody in the first two statements to a span of just short of two octaves in the eighth statement. If it is remarkable that he dared to write such an enormous composition for solo violin, it is perhaps even more astonishing that he boldly decided to use a compositional design that excludes one of the primary resources in a Baroque composer’s arsenal: tonal contrast—every four-measure phrase in the entire movement concludes with some sort of cadential motion that arrives on D. But these two limitations that Bach set for himself—writing a movement on this scale for solo violin and writing a movement without any large-scale tonal contrasts—are major factors in creating the effect of the Chaconne. As early as the first half of the nineteenth century, when Bach’s solo-violin works were still regarded primarily as ‘studies’, Felix Mendelssohn singled out this movement for his accompaniment, quite probably to foster public performances in an age that deemed unaccompanied violin an incomplete performing medium. Within the first statement of the four-measure theme, harmonies at first move in halves and quarters but then accelerate to steady quarters at the cadence. Only if one considers the first two statements as a ‘theme’ and subtracts them from the remaining 62 ‘variations’ (and only if one does not likewise omit the last two statements of the piece as a return to that ‘theme’) do the minor-mode variations in the first large section of the Chaconne last exactly as long as the major-mode plus minor-mode variations of the second large section. To the Velvet’s defiant joy, however, you remained indifferent (or so you pretended). In each of these pairs of phrases, the second introduces some heightened element absent from the first: m. 16 and its upbeat extend the length and dissonance level of the quick chordal motion that occurs in the comparable passage in m. 12 and its upbeat; m. 23 introduces a new chromatic tone (G♯) absent from the corresponding end of m. 19. 1-32), the texture gradually diminishes from the three- and four-voiced chords that characterize the first two statements to the single-line writing of the eighth statement. Jealousy. And, so, in that sense, he thinks of death very differently from his own experience. And the fifteenth statement (mm. 173-76) have nothing but repeated notes, leading to the climactic repeated-note sixteenth-note triple-stops that end the statement.

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